There are so many people out there who are yet to inaugurate their investing process. Either we just don't want to invest or we keep on delaying investing, some of us feel investing is exclusive to the rich only, some are terrified of losing, while for some investing is simply not their cup of tea. This article intends to highlight the primary factors behind this reluctance and why we should get over them.

We have come up with three primary excuses which people use to support the unwilling outlook, which are:

1. I don't have any money to invest: “Mere pas paise nhi hai abhi invest karne ko”, “Aage ghar me shaadi a rhi hai”, “Abhi itna kharcha ho gya hai”, “Next year bonus milega, tab start karenge”, are among the usual explanations we give to ourselves for not laying the foundation stone of investing. We keep on procrastinating investing for years on back of the same justification “Lack of money”. You will not invest until the time you count investing among your other necessities. Investing isn't about the spare money rather it's about sparing money for our future. Our 30 earning years must provide for the 30 earning plus the 30 non earning (Retirement) years. To make it possible, an individual must start investing from the beginning of the earning years, the more we postpone, we are actually shrinking the resources of our 30 golden (Retirement) years. You don't need lakhs or even thousands of rupees to start, you can begin investing with a Rs 500 SIP in a Mutual Fund also. What is important here is 1. Realization and 2. Intention. The investors must realize that investing is a fundamental need and he must be earnest in his approach to investing.

2. Investing will deteriorate my current quality of life: Another factor which keeps people from investing is, they feel investing will take away a significant chunk of their income, which they otherwise spend on gratifying their lifestyle needs. People, especially those who are in the early stages of their career, live a paycheque to paycheque life, they spend most of their incomes on clothes, gadgets, accessories, shoes, restaurants, etc. About investing, they feel if they carve out money for investing, they will have to compromise on their lifestyle. As described above, investing is a necessity, and about lifestyle, investing in fact will only accelerate your quality of life. As they say, “Paise se paisa banta hai”, the money you invest today will create more money for you in the future, which means an upgraded lifestyle, and it also means there will be no disruption in your lifestyle, since you have created your financial backup. If you cut one pizza and one t-shirt every month, you'll probably have your one month's SIP ready. Having one less pizza and t-shirt won't hamper your quality of life today, but it will work to shape your future, for good.

3. I have Rich parents: Another logic for not investing is a well off family background. It's great if you have a base prepared, probably you do not have to struggle in life as much as those who have to start from scratch, but it doesn't mean that you do not need to secure your future. Never let your future rest on inheritance, and there are multiple reasons why we say this:

• You might not be a part of their Will altogether, they might donate their property to a temple, or you aren't entitled to as much share as you were expecting; and this factor is capable of sabotaging your life.
• They may not always remain rich, they may want to help you but can't, because the riches are gone.
• Thirdly, they may be willing to take care of your future, but what if you are gone before they do, who will take care of your family?

So, the bottomline is, never lean on your parents fortune, you have to invest for yourself for shaping your own fate.

To conclude, Investing is one thing, which should be done by everyone, according to individual financial capacities, it shouldn't be given a pass for some lame perceptions and excuses, excuses are very easy to make, but may not be the right thing to do. Lastly, it needs commitment and intent, and not a lot of money to invest.

Mutual funds have witnessed a growth in popularity over the past few years. The trend has seen retail investors increasingly participating in mutual funds. However, there is also a high level of misinformation and myths surrounding mutual fund investing in the minds of the common investor. The low awareness levels breeds many misconceptions that refrain both existing and prospective investors from making the most that mutual funds has to offer.

In this article, we debunk 10 of the common mutual fund myths often heard on the streets....

Myth 1: "Mutual Funds invests only in equities."
Fact: Mutual Funds is a like a vehicle carrying which can carry any investment product. The underlying investments of a mutual fund scheme can be in any asset class, be it equities, pure debt products, money market instruments or a mix of these. The fact is mutual funds offers schemes in all of these asset classes. This can be known from the Average Assets Under Management (AAUM) which in Equity oriented schemes is Rs.2.35 Lac Crores and in Debt oriented schemes is Rs.4.44 Lac Crores (Dec. end, 2010).

An investor can easily come to know where the investments would be made from scheme objective and stated asset allocation. Mutual Funds have different schemes like Equity or Growth Fund which invest predominantly in stocks of equity markets, Debt funds which invest into debt products like government bonds, corporate debentures and treasury bills. Balanced Funds mix equity and debt both, Money market or Liquid Funds invest in short term debt instruments.

Thus, mutual funds is not just about equities but it also offers a lot more choice to suit the needs of any investor.

Myth 2: "I invest in Direct Equity. So there is no need to invest in Mutual Funds."
Fact: As explained, mutual fund does not only invest only in equity and investor may look at mutual funds for all asset classes, including equities. Investing directly in equities requires proper research, time and adequate capital. Often investors end up investing in few companies and a small number of equities of a company which are not backed by thorough research but on 'tips'. Mutual Fund helps investor to invest in number of equities with the same amount of capital. Thus there is a strong benefit of diversification as the investments do not get concentrated in very few of the stocks or in a single stock which is very risky. Further still, there is the benefit of experience and professional expertise of the Fund Manager and the research team which makes the investment decisions on your behalf. This is again a major benefit since most of us do not have the time, expertise and infrastructure to actively manage our direct equity investments.

It is thus, wiser to invest in mutual funds and gain from the diversification and professional expertise of the fund house.

Myth 3: "Mutual Funds are very risky as mentioned in their advertisement - “Mutual Funds are subject to market risks."?
Fact: The warning is a statutory requirement to make investors aware that the investments made by mutual funds are in products, the value of which is driven by markets and hence cannot be guaranteed. In other words, it means that the funds cannot promise guaranteed returns to the investor.

Investors should understand that the risk depends a lot on which scheme are you investing in and for what duration. One can reduce risk by choosing the right asset class and investing for the right duration. The risk for a debt scheme will be far lesser compared to a sector specific or small-cap focused equity scheme. Investing in equities through SIP or Systematic Investment Plan, where you contributed at regular intervals, also helps reducing risk a lot. Further, the diversification into multiple stocks /products and asset classes in a mutual fund scheme also helps reduce the risk as compared to investing directly. Rather than fearing risk, one should understand the same and invest wisely according to one's own risk appetite and investment objective.

Myth 4: "Mutual fund investments do not give handsome returns."
Fact: This is not a correct statement to make as it generalises all mutual fund schemes for performance. When comparing performance of products, the underlying asset class should be similar in nature and comparison should be made with relevant benchmarks. Historically, in general, mutual fund schemes have proven to be a very good performing investment vehicle for investors. There have been visible benefits of professional expertise and diversification of portfolio on the returns of mutual fund schemes. Mutual fund schemes have also largely outperformed general market indices in past. This can be seen from the average returns of diversified equity schemes, as a group, which is at 23.58% in 10 years as compared to the Sensex which has given 17.77% (as on 11/03/2011). (Source : Internal, calculated taking 36 schemes in to consideration)

Myth 5: "It is always better to invest in the mutual fund with the low NAV than high NAV."
Fact: There is no difference in returns when investing in a higher or a lower NAV of a mutual fund scheme. The NAV is quite different from a stock price. An investment of Rs.10,000 in two mutual fund schemes of NAV say 15 & 45 will yield the same returns to you, assuming similar performance of the schemes. The NAV is a mathematically calculated price of the scheme based on the price of underlying securities. An NFO at Rs.10/- or an existing NAV of Rs.15 or 45, will invest in the same stocks at the prevailing market price. Thus, a lower NAV or higher NAV doesn't matter while investing between two mutual fund schemes. This perception is can also be seen when an investor invests in a NFO thinking that the NFO is available at unit price of say Rs.10/-. Investors should look at other important factors while investing in schemes rather than looking at NAV.

Myth 6: "It is better to invest in a mutual fund that gives good dividends."
Fact: While investing in a mutual fund, investors can choose between the growth and the dividend options. Most mutual fund schemes offer the choice of Growth / Dividend Reinvestment and Dividend Payout option to the investors. It is not mandatory for mutual funds to pay dividends regularly if they are offering such options.

Between a growth option and a dividend reinvestment option of a mutual fund equity scheme, there is the no difference in the returns. While in growth option, the NAV increases, in a dividend reinvestment option, the units increases proportionately. However, an investor can choose an option of dividend payout if there is a need of liquidity. The decision as to which option to opt should be on the basis of returns performance. An investor should consider other important factors of a scheme and his own requirements while investing in an scheme or opting for an option.

Myth 7: "My funds get locked if I invest in mutual funds."
Fact: There is no lock-in period in mutual fund schemes per say and it depends on the actual scheme being purchased. For a person investing in an open-ended schemes, there is complete freedom to enter and exit the scheme at any time. There is a lock-in period of 3 years in ELSS (Equity Linked Savings Scheme) since it offers tax savings under section 80C. In a closed ended fund, the option to resale to the mutual fund AMC is not available, though one can sale in on stock exchange, if it is listed there.

Myth 8: One cannot invest in mutual funds online like in stocks."
Fact: Mutual funds are now also available on stock exchange trading platform and one can make online transacts in mutual funds. The mutual funds will be held in your demat account and you can transact with your Trading Account as provided by your broker. This is a recent development and now brings a lot of flexibility and convenience to investors as they can transact without making any physical application. Mutual funds, however, also continue to be available through the physical route and most investors are yet to switch to the online mode. With growing awareness about the benefits of this online route, more & more investors will find it easier to manage their investments in the online mode than through the physical route.

Myth 9: "SIP is a scheme and every AMC is having an SIP scheme."
Fact: SIP is not a scheme floated by mutual funds. It is a way of investing in mutual funds. Through SIP, an investor can invest a specific amount and at regular period of interval in mutual fund schemes. As SIP is a way of investing in mutual funds, it can be done with any scheme of mutual funds.

SIPs are popular because they help you invest a small amount, often as low as Rs.500, regularly in schemes and accumulate considerable wealth in long term. SIPs also help in automatically timing the markets. This disciplined approach has historically seen investments perform very well for the investors.

Myth 10: "SIP should be started only when market falls."
Fact: SIP can be best started at any time. Through SIP investor can take advantage of market volatility as he will be investing a specific amount at regular time interval. By doing this, his money gets invested in the mutual fund scheme when the NAV of the schemes is high and at the same time when NAV of the scheme is low. By doing this the investment will be done at the average market price over a longer period of time. If the investor is investing through SIP, it really will have no effect whether the SIP is started when the market is at peak or the market has seen a fall.

We save and invest throughout our life for our future and our goals. We invest for buying our dream house, for our kids education, marriage, for a peaceful retirement, and the like. And we also understand the uncertainty quotient attached to our lives. For this reason, we try to secure our dependents' future with insurance, so that in event of our untimely death their goals are not compromised for lack of money. On the same lines, it is also essential to ensure that our dependents get the full and timely benefit of our investments.

Mutual Funds have gained popularity over time because of the innumerable benefits attached, including easy and hassle free operations, be it investing, redeeming or switching investments. Mutual funds provide the option of having accounts in joint names and to provide for nominees, to ensure a smooth Transmission process, i.e. the process of passing on the unitholders' investments to their dependents. It is a very simple process when there is a nominee, or when there are joint holders.

Whether your dependents wish to hold on to, continue investing or redeem the investments, after you, the first step would be transmission of the units in their names. So, we have the transmission procedure detailed below:

The transmission process is dependent upon the holding pattern and the registration status of nominees, if any, so there will be a different process to be followed under different scenarios.

Scenario 1: When the investment is held jointly

When a Mutual Fund investment is jointly held by 2 or 3 holders, then in the event of death of the primary holder, the other holder/s will have to transmit the investment in their name, and it becomes mandatory for them to appoint a nominee. The transmission process is simple, the other holder/s have to submit a letter (in a prescribed format) to the AMC along with a Death Certificate of the deceased unitholder in original or a notarized copy attested by a gazetted officer will also do. In case the bank and KYC details of the other holders were not submitted earlier, then the related documents will also be required.

Scenario 2: When the investment is held singly, with a Nominee/s registered

When there was a single unitholder and the investment is to be transmitted in a nominee's name, then to create a new account in his/her name, along with the above, the following are required:

> Bank account details of the nominee, along with a Cancelled Cheque

> PAN Number and KYC details of the nominee

Where the Nominee is a minor, then the following additional documents will be required:

> Proof of date of birth of the minor nominee

> A letter from the guardian, stating the minor's custody and his/her relationship with the guardian, along with a court order, if applicable.

Scenario 3: When the investment is held singly, and there is no Nominee:

The transmission process becomes a 'task' when there is neither a joint holder nor a nominee. In this case the claimant's will have to submit the details and documents as described in Scenario 1 and 2 above, along with the following additional documents:

> An indemnity bond from the legal heir/s on a stamp paper, franked for value as applicable in the respective state of execution of the Bond.

> Individual affidavits from the legal heir/s on a stamp paper, franked for value as applicable in the respective state of execution of the affidavit.

To note, if the transmission amount is less than the threshold limit (set by the AMC), then the claimant will be required to submit a document proving his/her relationship with the deceased unitholder. The process gets further complicated if the transmission amount is greater than the threshold limit, the claimant will have to submit a notarized copy of the probated will or a legal heir certificate, in this case.

To conclude,

1. Looking at the tedious process in Scenario 3, it is advisable to always keep your mutual fund investment either in joint name or register a nominee.

2. Many times what happens is, nominees are unaware of investments made or of any nomination thereof. There are various anecdotes which narrates of instances when after a long time after the death of the investor, his old wife or kids came across the MF investments of the dead husband or father, as the case may be, and those untouched investments made them rich overnight. But your family might not be lucky enough, and they may never come across your investment, or at least when they need it the most. It is extremely important that your dependents know about the investments so that they can get your investments' value in time, if need arises, so you must always Keep them in the Loop.

Mutual Funds for wealth creation:
If you'd ask about that one thing that all investors want from their investment in return, is Returns, the more the merrier. And Equity MF is the undisputed king in terms of returns over long periods of time. Equity Mutual Funds offer an immense potential to generate wealth on back of the underlying asset class: Equity. The last 5 year, 10 year and 15 year returns of the average of all Diversified Equity mutual fund schemes are 19.65%, 10.88% and 21.56% (Source: NJ Research).

Mutual Funds for Saving Tax:
Every year, we look to invest for saving tax, and quite often we fall for products which do save tax, but do not generate enough returns, and we generally get stuck with the investment for years because of the long lock in periods. Mutual Funds offer an excellent opportunity to investors for saving tax, in addition to the stupendous wealth generation potential it offers, as narrated above. An investment of upto Rs 1.5 Lacs in a year in ELSS MFs are exempt from tax u/s 80C of the income tax Act. So an investor can save tax of upto Rs. 46,350* a year by investing in ELSS schemes, *(For a resident individual falling under the 30% tax bracket, for FY 2018-19). Talking about returns, the last 3 year, 5 year and 15 year returns generated by the average of ELSS schemes are 10.08%, 18.93% and 21.62% respectively (Source NJ Research). And lastly lock-in, ELSS has the least lock-in period across the tax saver category, of just 3 years.

Mutual Funds For Emergencies:
People save money for the uncertain future, you don't know what's going to happen next, there can be punctuations in income, expenses uncalled for, medical emergencies, and the like. People usually maintain some balance in their saving bank accounts for emergencies, saving account is the preferred choice because of the liquid nature of the same. Mutual Funds offer an alternate to investors to cater to emergencies, in the form of Liquid Funds, wherein investors get liquidity as well as slightly better returns than saving accounts.

Mutual Funds for Regular Income:
People generally invest in fixed deposits with interest payout option to get a regular monthly income, or buy a property with the view to get monthly rental income. However, in the former case, the interest rates are too less and at times investors end up eroding the principal value of their investment; in the latter case, 1. The rental yield in India is in the range of a meager 2-3%, and 2. Property prices have also remained flat lately. Mutual Funds offer a better alternate to investors seeking regular income, in the form of Balanced Funds with SWP option. Here, the fund comprises both debt and equity, wherein equity works to boosting the returns and debt works to protecting the downside. So, assuming an investor withdraws at the rate of 8% a year, and the returns are 12%, so the extra 4% gets added to the principal, after providing for the monthly income.

Mutual Funds For One-time investors:
An investor can invest a lump sum amount in a Mutual Fund scheme, like people invest in FD's. You can invest in a single MF scheme or in a mix of schemes or in a diversified scheme or in a hybrid scheme, depending upon your investing requirements.

Mutual Funds For Regular investors:
Mutual Funds offer an incredible opportunity to investors to invest for the big goals of their life by taking small steps. Through the SIP mode, an investor can start investing with an amount of as small as Rs 500 a month. SIP has made investing easier, the investor has to pay a small amount each month, so gradually over long periods he actually invests a substantial sum of money and because SIP makes volatility work to the benefit of the investor, it has helped investors create massive wealth over time.

Mutual Funds for Life's Goals:
Whether it's about your Retirement goal which is lined up 20 years ahead, or it's about your daughter's higher education after 5 years, or about buying a car after a year, or may be parking your extra cash for a day, Mutual Fund caters to it all. Because of the varied options of investing available with respect to the underlying asset class, Mutual Funds offer an opportunity to actualize the life goals of all investors with different risk appetites and investment horizons.

For Estate Planning:
Lastly, Mutual Fund is not just an investment avenue for your life, it also aids you in passing on your wealth to your next generation. Unlike in the case of your other assets like property or gold, where estate transfer involves a lot of hassles, Mutual Funds offer a very simple process for the same. The joint holders of the investment or the nominees have to simply submit the required documents to the AMC and get the units transmitted in their names.

To conclude, people generally associate Mutual Funds with stocks, but the reality is you do not have to look beyond a Mutual Fund for any of your investing needs. Mutual Funds offer an alternate to almost all investment products and that too with superior returns in most cases.